Pipework - Insulation Materials Operating Temperature Limits
| Insulation Material[1] | Temperature Range | |
|---|---|---|
| Low | High | |
| (oC) | (oC) | |
| Calcium Silicate | -18 | 650 |
| Cellular Glass | -260 | 480 |
| Elastomeric foam | -55 | 120 |
| Fiberglass | -30 | 540 |
| Mineral Wool, Ceramic fiber | 1200 | |
| Mineral Wool, Glass | 0 | 250 |
| Mineral Wool, Stone | 0 | 760 |
| Phenolic foam | 150 | |
| Polyisocyanurate, polyiso | -180 | 120 |
| Polystyrene | -50 | 75 |
| Polyurethane | -210 | 120 |
| Vermiculite | -272 | 760 |
Notes on Material PropertiesEdit
Calcium Silicate InsulationEdit
Calcium Silicate insulation board and pipe insulation feature with light weight, low thermal conductivity, high temperature and chemical resistance.
Cellular Glass InsulationEdit
Cellular glass insulation is composed of crushed glass combined with a cellulating agent. These components are mixed, placed in a mould, and then heated causing the crushed glass to turn into a liquid. As the cellulating agent decomposes, it causes the mixture to expand and fill the mould. The mixture creates millions of connected, uniform, closed-cells and form at the end a rigid insulating material.
Cellulose InsulationEdit
Cellulose is made from shredded recycled paper, such as newsprint or cardboard. It's treated with chemicals to make it fire- and insect-resistant, and is applied as loose-fill or wet-sprayed through a machine.
Fibreglass InsulationEdit
Fibreglass is made from molten glass spun into microfibres.
Mineral Wool InsulationEdit
Mineral wool is made from molten glass, stone, ceramic fibre or slag that is spun into a fibre-like structure. Inorganic rock or slag are the main components (typically 98%) of stone wool. The remaining 2% organic content is generally a thermosetting resin binder (an adhesive) and a little oil.
Polyurethane insulationEdit
Polyurethane is an organic polymer formed by reacting a polyol (an alcohol with more than two reactive hydroxyl groups per molecule) with a diisocyanate or a polymeric isocyanate in the presence of suitable catalysts and additives. Polyurethanes are flexible foams used in mattresses, chemical-resistant coatings, adhesives and sealants, insulation for buildings and technical applications like heat exchangers, cooling pipes and much more.
Polystyrene InsulationEdit
Polystyrene is an excellent insulator. It is manufactured in two ways:
- Extrusion - which results in fine, closed cells, containing a mixture of air and refrigerant gas
- Moulded or expanded - which produces coarse, closed cells containing air
Extruded polystyrene, or XPS, is a closed-cell, thermal plastic material manufactured by a variety of extrusion processes. The main applications of extruded polystyrene insulation are in building insulation and construction in general.
Moulded or expanded polystyrene (sometimes called beadboard) has a lower R-value than extruded polystyrene.
Polyisocyanurate (polyiso) InsulationEdit
Polyisocyanurate or polyiso is a thermosetting type of plastic, a closed-cell foam that contains a low-conductivity gas in its cells.